ICP-MS法同时测定钢渣中10种矿质元素

建立了钢渣中多种矿质元素的检测方法。钢渣样品经HNO3-HF-HClO4消化,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法检测钢渣中10种矿质元素。该方法的检出限为0.002～6.68μg.g-1,加标回收率为78.8%～105.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.68%～8.29%。该方法具有简便、快速、准确等特点,可用于钢渣中矿质元素的分析。     

钢渣对辽宁省水稻的增产作用

生辽宁省主要类型的水稻土上，通过田间试验研究了钢渣作为硅肥对水稻增产作用。结果表明：施用钢渣可改善水稻的生长状况；提高水稻植株中SiO2和籽粒中K2O的含量；增加水稻产量，增产幅度为8.3％～20．9％。     

Effect of the amelioration of soil acidity and continuous cropping of cruciferous vegetables on the incidence of clubroot disease and resting spore density in soil

pp. 891–896
In order to elucidate the effect of converter furnace slag applied as a liming amendment and continuous cropping of Qing gin cai ( Brassicae chinensis L.) or leaf daikon ( Raphanus sativus ) on the incidence of clubroot disease and the resting spore density in soil, pot cultivation tests were carried out. In the pot tests, pH(H₂O) was 5.2–6.1 in the non-application pot, and 7.1–7.6 in the pots receiving an application of converter furnace slag.
A significant incidence of club-root disease was apparent in the non-application pots of Qing gin cai . The resting spore density in the soils decreased soon after harvesting, but then increased after mixing the infected roots and soils.
On the other hand, the incidence of the disease was suppressed significantly, in application pots of continuously cropped Qing gin cai . Furthermore, the resting spore density in these soils decreased with repeated cultivation.
These results agreed well with the results from field cultivation tests that the authors have already reported. Macfarlane has reported that the suppression mechanism of clubroot disease brought about by the amelioration of soil acidity is effected through the inhibition of resting spore germination.
In this study, the decrease of resting spores density was associated with the cultivation of Qing gin cai under conditions of high soil pH. From these results, it is concluded that the suppression mechanism is caused by some phenomenon that occurs after the primary zoospore is infected with the root hair.
Until now, avoidance of continuous cropping of susceptible cruciferous vegetables was promoted as one of the most fundamental countermeasures for the control of clubroot disease. However, continuous cropping of suceptible cruciferous vegetables will be a useful technique to decrease resting density specifically under conditions of high soil pH.     

矿渣地栽植油松试验研究

矿渣地栽植油松试验研究蒲玉宏，刘东升（甘肃省平凉地区水土保持科学研究所，平凉７４４０００）张丰（甘肃省华亭县水保站）ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＰｌａｎｔｉｎｇＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＰｉｎｅｓｏｎｓｌａｔＬａｎｄ￥ＰｕＹｕｈｏｎｇ；ＬｉｕＤｏｎｇｓ...     

The occurrence and distribution of various forms of silica and zeolites in soils developed from wastes of iron production

Young soils developed in blast furnace slag, slag sand and ash are often alkaline. Under these conditions the solubility of silica increases greatly. In four soil profiles investigated (two in France and two in Germany) we found not only that dissolved silicic acid and amorphous silica occurred, but also that zeolites had developed. We identified several soil properties that may influence the formation of amorphous silica and zeolites. In the blast furnace slag, the formation of amorphous silica seemed to be enhanced by decreasing pH and increasing Mg content, while the amount of zeolites grew with increasing contents of water soluble Na and K and with decreasing content of CaCO₃. In the slag sand, Mg also appeared to promote the formation of amorphous silica. In addition, there was a weaker correlation between rising CaCO₃ content and an increasing amount of amorphous silica. Furthermore, in the slag sand the Si_o : Al_o ratio decreased with increasing salinity, suggesting that the zeolites were Al enriched. Longer periods of water saturation of the soil, it is suggested, enhance the development of zeolites and inhibit the formation of amorphous silica.     

不同污染类型河流沉积物的汞、铅、锌污染特征研究

研究了葫芦岛市3条具有不同污染源类型河流的沉积物中Hg，Pb，Zn的分布特征，应用相关性、富集系数以及首次引人富集系数比（R）来表征不同污染类型河流沉积物重金属间的相对污染程度及来源。结果表明：源于氯碱厂Hg污染的五里河沉积物中Hg，Ph，Zn含量平均值分别超过区域沉积物背景值662，2．21，4．51倍；受锌冶炼厂废水污染的茨山河沉积物中Hg，Ph，Zn含量平均值超过区域沉积物背景值188863．89，123．6倍；受土壤污染的连山河沉积物中Hg，Pb，Zn含量平均值超过区域沉积物背景值10．43，2．50，2．88倍。五里河沉积物中Hg来源与Pb，Zn不同；茨山河沉积物中Hg，Pb，Zn来自于同一污染源。     

高性能混凝土的抗硫酸盐、镁盐侵蚀研究

结合工程实际，以在4种不同浓度的SO4^2-，Mg^2 侵蚀溶液中浸泡的普通水泥胶砂试件和掺矿渣微粉高性能混凝土胶砂试件为对比试件进行研究，通过测定和观察试件在浸泡期为28d、2个月、4个月、6个月、8个月、10个月、12个月的强度损失和形态形貌变化，用抗折强度和抗蚀系数来评定其抗侵蚀性能。宏观试验结果表明普通水泥胶砂试件在不同浓度的SO4^2-，Mg^2 侵蚀溶液中抗侵蚀性能都很差；掺矿渣微粉高性能混凝土胶砂试件抗侵蚀性能优异，在4种侵蚀溶液中侵蚀龄期均大于1年。     

柠檬酸渣发酵料对肉鸡生产性能及成活率的影响

研究了不同比例的柠檬酸渣发酵料代替基础日粮对肉鸡生产性能及成活率的影响。结果表明：全期增重及日增重,10%的替代组较对照组分别降低1.29%（P〉0.05）、1.06%（P〉0.05）,5%、15%、20%、25%替代组分别比对照组提高1.29%（P〉0.05）和14.19%（P〈0.01）、1.29%（P〉0.05）和9.03%（P〈0.05）、1.43%（P〉0.05）和13.85%（P〈0.01）、1.99%（P〉0.05）和8.71%（P〈0.05）;料肉比,5%、10%、20%替代组较对照组高2.88%（P〉0.05）、2.88%（P〉0.05）、0.82%（P〉0.05）,15%、25%替代组较对照组降低15.64%（P〈0.01）、8.23%（P〈0.05）;试验组成活率均达到了100%,比对照组高2.5%（P〉0.05）。由此可见,柠檬酸渣发酵料有提高肉鸡生产性能及增强机体抵抗力的作用。